2025, Vol. 6, Issue 1, Part C
Review of long-term exposure to the pesticide cypermethrin and its behavioural effects on freshwater teleost fish
Author(s): Manoj Kumar and Shailendra Kumar Singh
Abstract: Cypermethrin, a widely used synthetic pyrethroid pesticide, is known for its efficacy in agriculture but poses significant risks to non-target aquatic organisms, particularly freshwater teleost fish. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the long-term exposure effects of cypermethrin on the behavior of freshwater teleost, drawing from experimental studies across various species such as Labeo rohita, Channa gachua. Prolonged exposure to sublethal concentrations of cypermethrin induces a spectrum of behavioural alterations, including erratic swimming, loss of equilibrium, reduced feeding, and impaired predator avoidance, often linked to its neurotoxic mode of action on sodium channels. These changes are dose- and time-dependent, with chronic exposure exacerbating oxidative stress, histopathological damage to gills and brain tissue, and disruption of neurotransmitter systems. Species-specific responses highlight varying sensitivities, with filter-feeding cyprinids generally exhibiting greater vulnerability than predatory species with air-breathing adaptations. This review underscores the ecological implications of cypermethrin contamination in aquatic ecosystems, emphasizing the need for stricter regulatory measures and further research into sublethal behavioural endpoints as early indicators of pesticide toxicity. Understanding these long-term effects is critical for assessing the broader impact on fish populations and freshwater biodiversity. The present work has been carried out to study the lethal concentration 50% (LC 50) of pesticide Cypermethrin on the fresh water fish Labeo rohita. Labeo rohita is an edible freshwater fish of carp family, found in freshwater bodies, river, lakes and ponds in India. It is a large omnivorous and extensively used in aquaculture. In aquaculture commonly cultivated Labeo rohita & Channa gachua consumed large quantities in the world.
DOI: 10.33545/27080013.2025.v6.i1c.203
Pages: 181-186 | Views: 127 | Downloads:
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How to cite this article:
Manoj Kumar, Shailendra Kumar Singh. Review of long-term exposure to the pesticide cypermethrin and its behavioural effects on freshwater teleost fish. Acta Entomol Zool 2025;6(1):181-186. DOI: 10.33545/27080013.2025.v6.i1c.203
